(Madogararsa: China ceramic net)

Masana'antar yumbu kamfani ne mai yawan amfani da makamashi, kamar yawan wutar lantarki da yawan man fetur.Waɗannan farashin guda biyu tare suna lissafin kusan rabin ko fiye na farashin samar da yumbu.Fuskantar babbar gasa ta kasuwa, yadda za a yi fice a gasar da yadda za a yi amfani da makamashi yadda ya kamata da rage tsadar kayayyaki su ne batutuwan da suka damu da su.Yanzu za mu gabatar da matakan ceton makamashi da yawa na kiln yumbura.

Matakan ceton makamashi 11 don yumbun Kilns:

1.Increase yawan zafin jiki na refractory rufi tubali da rufi Layer a high zafin jiki yankin

Bayanai sun nuna cewa asarar ajiyar zafi na ginin kiln da hasarar yanayin zafi na saman tanderun sun kai fiye da kashi 20% na yawan man fetur.Yana da ma'ana don ƙara kauri na tubali mai jujjuyawa da rufin rufi a cikin babban yankin zafin jiki.Yanzu kauri na babban bulo da rufin bangon kiln a cikin yankin da aka ƙera na babban zafin jiki na kiln ya karu daban.Kaurin tubalin saman kiln a cikin babban yankin zafin jiki na kamfanoni da yawa ya karu daga 230 mm zuwa 260 mm, kuma kauri na bangon bangon bango ya karu daga 140 mm zuwa 200 mm.A halin yanzu, ba a inganta yanayin zafin da ke ƙasan murhun ba.Gabaɗaya, an shimfiɗa bargon auduga mai tsayin mm 20 a ƙasan yanki mai zafin jiki, tare da yadudduka 5 na daidaitattun bulogin zafin jiki.Wannan lamarin bai inganta ba.A gaskiya ma, dangane da babban yanki mai zafi a kasa, zafi a kasa yana da yawa sosai.Wajibi ne don ƙara yawan kauri na madaidaicin rufin ƙasa mai dacewa, da kuma amfani da bulo mai ɗorewa tare da ƙananan ƙima mai yawa da kuma ƙara yawan kauri na rufin rufin don inganta haɓakawa a ƙasa.Irin wannan jarin ya zama dole.

Bugu da ƙari, idan an yi amfani da vault don saman ɓangaren yanki mai zafi mai zafi, yana da matukar dacewa don ƙara yawan kauri da ƙuƙƙarfan rufin rufin don rage zafi mai zafi.Idan an yi amfani da rufin, yana da kyau a yi amfani da sassan yumbura maimakon faranti na karfe mai zafi don rufin, wanda aka kara da ƙugiya mai zafi.Ta wannan hanyar, duk sassan rataye kuma za'a iya haɗa su don ƙara kauri da ƙarfi na rufin rufin.Idan an yi amfani da karfen da ke da zafi a matsayin katako mai rataye na bulo na rufi kuma duk allunan da aka rataye suna cikin rufin rufin, allon rataye na iya zama oxidized gaba daya idan akwai zubar da wuta na kiln, yana haifar da bulo na rufi ya fada cikin ciki. kiln, wanda ya haifar da hatsarin kashe wutar lantarki.Ana amfani da sassan yumbu a matsayin sassa na rataye, kuma ana iya amfani da kayan rufewar zafi don zubowa a saman.Yin amfani da kayan rufewa na thermal ya zama sassauƙa.Wannan zai inganta aikin haɓakar thermal sosai da ƙarfin iska na saman kiln kuma yana rage yawan zafi a saman.

2.Zaɓi kayan aiki tare da inganci mafi girma kuma mafi kyawun aikin insulation na thermal

Ci gaba da fitowar kayan tare da ingantacciyar inganci da aikin rufewar zafi shima yana kawo dacewa ga masu zanen injin kiln.Za'a iya amfani da mafi kyawun kayan da za'a iya amfani da su don sanya rufin rufin zafin jiki ya zama mafi ƙanƙanta fiye da da, kuma tasirin zafi zai iya zama mafi kyau fiye da da, don rage yawan sharar makamashi.An karɓo bulo mai haske mai jure wuta da allon rufewa na auduga bargo tare da ingantaccen aikin rufewa.Bayan ingantawa, ana ɗaukar ƙirar ingantaccen tsari mai ma'ana don rage zafi na kiln.Wasu kamfanoni suna amfani da tubalin haske mai nauyin nauyin 0.6, yayin da wasu ke amfani da tubalin haske na musamman.An saita tsagi na ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙira tsakanin tubalin haske da bulo mai haske don rufin zafi tare da iska.A gaskiya ma, iskar thermal conductivity ya kai kusan 0.03, wanda ya yi ƙasa da na kusan dukkanin abubuwan da ke daɗaɗa zafi, wanda hakan zai haifar da raguwar hasarar zafin da ke kan saman kiln.A lokaci guda, ƙarfafa m sealing na kiln jiki, da kuma cikakken cika hadarin magani rata, fadada hadin gwiwa, wuta baffle budewa, a kusa da kuka bulo, a cikin abin nadi sanda da kuma a nadi rami bulo da yumbu fiber auduga tare da mafi girma. juriya na zafin jiki, ƙarancin ƙwanƙwasa da mafi kyawun elasticity, don rage hasarar zafi na waje na jikin kiln, tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki da yanayi a cikin kiln, haɓaka haɓakar thermal da rage yawan amfani da makamashi.Kamfanonin kiln gida sun yi aiki mai kyau a cikin rufin kiln.

3. Amfanin ragowar bututun iska mai zafi

Wasu kamfanoni na cikin gida sun sanya bututun iska mai zafi a cikin bulo mai rufewa na rufin rufin a ƙasa da saman murhu, wanda zai inganta ingantaccen rufin bututun iska mai zafi kuma yana rage zafin zafi na kiln.Hakanan zai ƙara kauri na rufin rufin.Bayanai sun nuna cewa idan aka kwatanta da sauran makamancin irin wannan kilns a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki iri ɗaya, cikakken adadin ceton makamashi ya wuce 33%.Ana iya cewa ya kawo juyin juya hali na ceton makamashi.

4. Sharar da zafi amfani da kiln

Wannan ɓataccen zafi yana nufin zafin da tukunyar ke ɗauka lokacin sanyaya kayan.Ƙarƙashin yawan zafin jiki na bulo na kiln, yawancin zafin da tsarin zafi ya kwashe.Mafi yawan zafin da ake buƙata don busar da bulo a cikin tukunyar bushewa yana fitowa ne daga ƙazantaccen zafin tukunyar.Idan zafin zafi na sharar gida ya fi girma, zai zama mafi dacewa don amfani.Za'a iya rarraba amfani da zafi na sharar gida, za'a iya jujjuya bangaren zafin jiki a cikin hasumiya mai bushewa don amfani;Za'a iya amfani da sashin zafin jiki na matsakaici azaman iska mai ƙonewa;Za a iya fitar da sauran a cikin tukunyar bushewa don bushe bulo.Dole ne a kiyaye bututu don isar da iska mai zafi da dumi sosai don rage asarar zafi da inganta yadda ake amfani da su.Yi taka tsantsan lokacin da sharar da zafin da ya wuce 280 ℃ aka zuga cikin na'urar bushewa saboda yawan zafin jiki zai haifar da fashewar bulo kai tsaye.Bugu da kari, masana'antu da yawa suna da tankunan ruwan zafi a cikin sashin sanyaya don dumama ofisoshi da dakunan kwanan dalibai tare da sharar zafi daga sashin sanyaya wuta, da kuma samar da ruwan zafi don wankan ma'aikata.Hakanan za'a iya amfani da zafin sharar gida don samar da wutar lantarki.

5. Babban yankin zafin jiki yana ɗaukar tsarin vault

Ɗaukar tsarin vault a cikin babban yankin zafin jiki yana da amfani don rage bambancin zafin jiki da kuma ceton makamashi.Saboda babban zafin zafin zafin zafi yana da yawa radiation, tsakiyar sarari na vault kiln yana da girma kuma ya ƙunshi ƙarin iskar gas mai zafi mai zafi, haɗe tare da tasirin arc al'ada mai haskaka zafi na vault, yawan zafin jiki a tsakiya shine sau da yawa. dan kadan sama da wancan kusa da bangon kiln a gefe.Wasu kamfanoni sun bayar da rahoton cewa zai karu da kimanin 2 ℃, don haka ya zama dole don rage matsa lamba na konewa goyon bayan iska don tabbatar da daidaiton zafin jiki na sashe.Babban yankin zafin jiki na yawancin faffadan rufin rufin rufin yana da yanayin zafin zafi kusa da bangarorin biyu na bangon kiln da ƙarancin zafin jiki a tsakiya.Wasu ma'aikatan kiln suna warware bambancin yanayin zafin sashe ta hanyar ƙara matsa lamba na konewa mai tallafawa iska da ƙara yawan isar da iskar gas mai goyan bayan konewa.

Wannan zai kawo sakamako da yawa.Na farko, matsi mai kyau na kiln yana da girma sosai, kuma zafin zafi na jikin kiln yana ƙaruwa;Na biyu, ba shi da amfani ga sarrafa yanayi;Na uku, nauyin iskar konewa da fanko sharar hayaki ya karu, kuma amfani da wutar lantarki ya karu;Na hudu, wuce gona da iri da ke shiga cikin kiln din yana bukatar karin zafi, wanda babu makawa zai haifar da karuwar kwal ko iskar gas kai tsaye da tashin farashin.Hanyar da ta dace ita ce: na farko, canzawa zuwa babban saurin konewa da babban mai ƙonewa na allura; Na biyu, canzawa zuwa bulo mai tsayi mai tsayi;Na uku, canza girman fitowar bulo don rage shi da kuma ƙara saurin allura, wanda yakamata ya dace da saurin haɗuwa da saurin konewa na iskar gas da iska a cikin kunar.Yana yiwuwa ga masu ƙonawa masu saurin gudu, amma tasirin ƙananan ƙananan ba su da kyau;Na hudu, saka wani yanki na abin nadi na silikon carbide da aka sake yi a cikin bakin bulo mai ƙonawa don sa iskar ta ƙarfafa dumama a tsakiyar kaskon.Ta wannan hanyar, ana iya shirya tubalin ƙonawa a tazara;Na biyar, yi amfani da haɗin dogon da gajere recrystallized silicon carbide spray sleeve.Mafi kyawun maganin ba shine ƙara yawan amfani da makamashi ba, ko ma rage yawan makamashi.

6. High inganci da makamashi-ceton kuka

Wasu kamfanoni sun inganta mai ƙonawa kuma sun inganta rabon iskar mai.Ta hanyar daidaita ma'auni mai ma'ana da iskar mai, mai ƙonewa baya shigar da iskar konewa da yawa a cikin tsarin amfani, don haɓaka haɓakar konewa da adana kuzari.Wasu kamfanoni suna haɓaka manyan masu ƙonewa na isothermal masu ƙona wuta don ƙarfafa samar da zafi a tsakiyar kiln, haɓaka bambance-bambancen zafin sashe da adana kuzari.Wasu kamfanoni sun haɓaka haɗakar iska da man fetur da yawa, ta yadda za a inganta saurin konewa, da sa iskar gas ɗin ya zama mai tsabta da cikakke, da kuma adana makamashi a fili.Wasu kamfanoni suna haɓaka ikon sarrafa iskar konewa na kowane reshe a cikin sashin yanayin zafi mai zafi, ta yadda iskar konewa da iskar gas da ake bayarwa za a iya daidaita su daidai gwargwado.A duk lokacin da mai kula da PID ke daidaita yanayin zafi, ana kiyaye ma'aunin iskar man fetur mai ma'ana kuma iskar gas da iskar konewa ba za ta wuce kima ba, ta yadda za a adana yawan man fetur da iskar konewa da kuma inganta yawan amfanin mai.Sauran kamfanoni a cikin masana'antar sun haɓaka masu ƙonewa na ceton makamashi kamar na'urori masu ƙonewa na sakandare na gabaɗaya da na'urorin konewa na manyan makarantu.Dangane da bayanan, amfani da premixed na biyu burner iya cimma 10% makamashi ceton sakamako.Ci gaba da haɓakawa da haɓaka fasahar konewa na ci gaba, ɗaukar manyan masu ƙonewa da sarrafa ma'auni mai ma'ana da iska shine koyaushe hanya mafi kyau don adana kuzari.

7. Konewa iska dumama

Ana amfani da dumama iska mai ƙonewa a cikin hansov da sakmi kiln da aka gabatar a farkon 1990s.Ana mai zafi lokacin da iska mai ƙonewa ta wuce ta wurin mai ɗaukar zafi mai jurewa bakin karfe mai zafi sama da kiln yanki mai kashewa, kuma matsakaicin zafin jiki na iya kaiwa kusan 250 ~ 350 ℃.A halin yanzu, akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don amfani da sharar da zafin kiln a kasar Sin don dumama iskar da ke goyan bayan konewa.Ɗayan shine amfani da hanyar hansov don ɗaukar zafi daga na'urar musayar zafi mai jure zafi a sama da bel ɗin wuta don dumama iskar da ke goyan bayan konewa, ɗayan kuma shine amfani da iska mai zafi da jinkirin sanyaya bel mai sanyaya bututun iska don isar da shi mai goyan bayan konewa a matsayin konewa mai goyan bayan iska.

Yanayin zafin iska na hanyar farko ta yin amfani da zafin sharar gida zai iya kaiwa 250 ~ 330 ℃, kuma yanayin zafin iska na hanya ta biyu ta amfani da sharar gida yana da ƙasa, wanda zai iya kaiwa 100 ~ 250 ℃, kuma sakamakon zai zama mafi muni fiye da na farko. hanya.A gaskiya ma, don kare konewa mai goyon bayan fan daga zafi mai tsanani, kamfanoni da yawa suna amfani da wani ɓangare na iska mai sanyi, wanda ke haifar da raguwar tasirin amfani da zafi na sharar gida.A halin yanzu, akwai 'yan tsirarun masana'antun da ke amfani da zafi mai zafi don dumama konewa da ke tallafawa iska a kasar Sin, amma idan aka yi amfani da wannan fasaha sosai, za a iya cimma tasirin ceton makamashi na rage yawan man fetur da kashi 5% ~ 10%, wanda kuma yana da matukar tasiri. babba.Akwai matsala a cikin amfani, wato, bisa ga madaidaicin ma'auni na gaseous "PV / T ≈ akai-akai, T shine cikakken zafin jiki, T = Celsius + 273 (K)", yana zaton cewa matsa lamba ya kasance ba canzawa, lokacin da da konewa goyon bayan iska zafin jiki tashi daga 27 ℃ zuwa 300 ℃, da girma fadada zai zama 1.91 sau na asali, wanda zai kai ga rage oxygen abun ciki a cikin iska na wannan girma.Sabili da haka, dole ne a yi la'akari da matsi da halayen iska mai zafi na goyan bayan konewar iska a cikin zaɓin fan.

Idan ba a yi la'akari da wannan batu ba, za a sami matsalolin amfani.Rahoton na baya-bayan nan ya nuna cewa masana'antun kasashen waje sun fara kokarin yin amfani da iskar konewa 500 ~ 600 ℃, wanda zai zama karin makamashi.Hakanan ana iya dumama iskar gas ta hanyar sharar gida, kuma wasu masana'antun sun fara gwada wannan.Yawan zafin da iskar gas da konewa ke shigowa da ita yana nufin ana samun ƙarin man fetur.

8. Ma'anar konewa shirin iska

The konewa goyon bayan iska kafin calcination zafin jiki ne 1080 ℃ na bukatar cikakken peroxide konewa, kuma mafi oxygen bukatar a allura a cikin kiln a cikin hadawan abu da iskar shaka sashe na kiln don hanzarta sinadaran dauki gudun na kore jiki da kuma gane da sauri konewa.Idan an canza wannan sashe zuwa rage yanayi, dole ne a ƙara yawan zafin jiki na wasu sinadarai da 70 ℃ don fara amsawa.Idan akwai iska mai yawa a cikin mafi girman sashin zafin jiki, koren jiki zai fuskanci yanayin iskar oxygen da ya wuce kima kuma ya sanya FeO cikin Fe2O3 da Fe3O4, wanda zai sa jikin kore yayi ja ko baki maimakon fari.Idan mafi girman sashin zafin jiki shine yanayi mai rauni mai rauni ko yanayin tsaka tsaki, baƙin ƙarfe a cikin koren jiki zai bayyana gaba ɗaya a cikin nau'in FeO, yana sa jikin kore ya fi cyan da fari, kuma koren jiki kuma zai zama fari.Babban yankin zafin jiki ba ya buƙatar iskar oxygen da yawa, wanda ke buƙatar cewa babban yankin zafin jiki dole ne ya sarrafa iska mai wuce haddi.

Iska a dakin da zafin jiki ba ya shiga cikin konewa sinadaran dauki da kuma shiga cikin kiln kamar yadda wuce haddi konewa goyon bayan iska zuwa 1100 ~ 1240 ℃, wanda babu shakka cinye babbar makamashi, kuma zai kawo mafi girma kiln tabbatacce matsa lamba a cikin high-zazzabi yankin, yana haifar da asarar zafi mai yawa.Don haka rage yawan iska da ke shiga yankin zafin jiki mai zafi ba kawai zai adana man fetur mai yawa ba, har ma ya sa tubalin ya zama fari.Sabili da haka, iska mai ƙonewa a cikin sashin oxidation da yankin zafin jiki ya kamata a ba da shi da kansa ta hanyar sassan, kuma ya kamata a ba da garantin ma'aunin sabis daban-daban na sassan biyu ta hanyar bawul mai daidaitawa.Foshan yumbura yana da wani siffa mai labarin da Mr. Xie Binghao ya tabbatar da cewa a hankali da kuma m kyau kasafi da kuma samar da kowane sashe na konewa iska rarraba gubar yana haifar da raguwar makamashin man fetur har zuwa 15%.Ba ya ƙididdige fa'idodin ceton wutar lantarki da aka samu daga raguwar halin yanzu na konewa mai goyan bayan fan da hayaki mai shaye-shaye saboda rage konewa goyon bayan matsa lamba da ƙarar iska.Da alama fa'idodin suna da yawa sosai.Wannan yana nuna yadda ya wajaba kyakkyawan gudanarwa da sarrafawa ƙarƙashin jagorancin ka'idar ƙwararru.

9. Energy ceton infrared radiation shafi

Ana amfani da murfin infrared mai ceton makamashi a saman bulo mai hana wuta mai jure wuta a cikin yanki mai zafi mai zafi don rufe ramin buɗe ido na bulo mai ɗaukar wuta mai ƙarfi, wanda zai iya inganta haɓakar zafi mai zafi sosai. tsanani na high-zazzabi yankin da kuma karfafa dumama yadda ya dace.Bayan amfani, zai iya rage matsakaicin yawan zafin jiki ta hanyar 20 ~ 40 ℃ kuma yadda ya kamata rage yawan amfani da makamashi ta 5% ~ 12.5%.Aikace-aikacen kamfanin Suzhou RISHANG a cikin kilns na nadi biyu na kamfanin Sanshui Shanmo a Foshan ya tabbatar da cewa rufin HBC na kamfanin zai iya adana makamashi ta hanyar 10.55%.Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shafi a daban-daban kilns, matsakaicin zafin jiki na harbe za a rage ta 20 ~ 50 ℃, nadi kiln iya kai wani zazzabi digo na 20 ~ 30 ℃, da rami kiln iya isa wani zazzabi digo na 30 ~ 50 ℃. , da shaye gas zafin jiki za a rage da fiye da 20 ~ 30 ℃.Sabili da haka, ya zama dole don daidaita juzu'i na harbe-harbe, daidai da rage matsakaicin yawan zafin jiki da kuma haɓaka tsayin babban yanki na kashe wuta daidai.

Babban zafin jiki baƙar fata high inganci infrared radiation shafi ne sanannen fasaha a cikin kasashen da mai kyau makamashi kiyayewa a duk faɗin duniya.Lokacin zabar suturar, na farko, ko ƙimar radiation na shafi a babban zafin jiki ya kai fiye da 0.90 ko fiye da 0.95;na biyu, kula da ma'auni na haɓaka haɓakawa da kayan haɓakawa;na uku, daidaitawa da yanayin harba yumbu na dogon lokaci ba tare da raunana aikin radiation ba;na huɗu, haɗi da kyau tare da kayan rufewa masu jujjuyawar ba tare da tsagewa da kwasfa ba;Na biyar, da thermal girgiza juriya kamata hadu da misali na Mullite da zafi kiyayewa a 1100 ℃, sanya shi kai tsaye a cikin ruwan sanyi sau da yawa ba tare da fatattaka.Babban zafin jiki blackbody high inganci infrared radiation shafi kowa ya gane a cikin duniya masana'antu filin.Yana da balagagge, inganci da fasaha na ceton makamashi nan take.Fasaha ce ta ceton makamashi da ta cancanci kulawa, amfani da haɓakawa.

10. Oxygen wadatar konewa

Sashe ko duk na nitrogen a cikin iska an rabu ta hanyar kwayoyin halitta don samun iskar oxygen mai wadatar oxygen ko oxygen mai tsabta tare da mafi girman iskar oxygen fiye da iska, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi azaman konewa mai tallafawa iska don samar da mai ƙonewa. , Mai ƙonewa yana da sauri kuma zafin jiki ya fi girma, wanda zai iya ajiye fiye da 20% ~ 30% na man fetur.Da yake babu wani ko ƙasa da nitrogen a cikin konewar da ke tallafawa iska, adadin iskar gas ɗin kuma yana raguwa, ƙarfin fan ɗin yana raguwa, don haka babu ƙasa ko babu nitrogen oxide da za a cire don kare muhalli.Dongguan Hengxin Energy Saving Technology Co., Ltd. yana ba da sabis akan yanayin sarrafa kwangilar makamashi na samar da tsaftataccen iskar iskar oxygen.Kamfanin yana ba da zuba jari na kayan aiki don canzawa kuma yana raba ajiyar kuɗi daidai da kwangilar tsakanin bangarorin biyu.Wannan kuma shine mafi inganci sarrafa iskar nitrogen oxide, don haka rage tsadar tsadar iskar nitrogen oxide ta wuraren kare muhalli.Hakanan ana iya amfani da wannan fasaha a hasumiya mai bushewa.Lokacin da wani> ℃, da shaye gas zafin jiki za a rage da fiye da 20 ~ 30 ℃, don haka ya zama dole a partially daidaita harbe-harben kwana, daidai rage matsakaicin zafin jiki na harbe-harbe da kuma dace ƙara tsawon high wuta rufi yankin.

11. Kilin da matsa lamba kula da yanayi

Idan kiln yana samar da matsi mai kyau da yawa a cikin babban yankin zafin jiki, zai sa samfurin ya sami raguwar yanayi, wanda zai shafi tasirin madubi na saman glaze Layer, ya sauƙaƙa don nuna kwasfa na orange, kuma da sauri ƙara asarar hasara. zafi a cikin kiln, yana haifar da ƙarin amfani da mai, isar da iskar gas yana buƙatar ba da matsi mafi girma, kuma fan mai matsa lamba da sharar hayaki yana buƙatar cinye ƙarin ƙarfi.Ya dace don kula da matsi mai kyau na 0 ~ 15pa a mafi yawan a cikin babban yankin zafin jiki.Mafi yawan yumburan gini ana kora su a cikin yanayi mai sanya kuzari ko yanayin micro oxidizing, wasu tukwane suna buƙatar rage yanayi.Misali, yumbura talc yana buƙatar haɓakar yanayi mai ƙarfi.Rage yanayi yana nufin cin ƙarin man fetur kuma iskar gas ɗin haya ya kamata ya ƙunshi CO. Tare da manufar ceton makamashi, daidaita yanayin raguwa cikin hankali ba shakka zai ceci amfani da makamashi fiye da daidaitawar bazuwar.Binciken ba wai kawai don tabbatar da mafi girman yanayin raguwa ba, amma har ma don adana makamashi mai ma'ana.Aiki a hankali da ci gaba da taƙaitawa ya zama dole.