(Kwakabva: China ceramic net)

Panyaya yezvimwe zvinhu zvinosanganisirwa mumidziyo yeceramic, mechanical properties uye optical properties pasina mubvunzo ndizvo zviviri zvakakosha zvinhu.Mechanical zvivakwa zvinotarisisa kuita kwekutanga kwezvinhu, nepo optics iri embodiment yezvivakwa zvekushongedza.Mukuvaka makeramiki, iyo optical properties inonyanya kuratidzwa mu glaze.Iyo inoenderana optical zvimiro inogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu zvereferenzi:kupenya, kujeka uye kuchena.

Kubwinya

Kana chiedza chikarongwa pachinhu, hachingoratidzi mune imwe nzira maererano nemutemo wekufungisisa, asiwo kuparadzira.Kana iyo yepamusoro yakatsetseka uye yakati sandara, kusimba kwechiedza mune yakasarudzika ratidziro gwara rakakura kupfuura iro mune mamwe mativi, saka inopenya zvakanyanya, iyo inoratidzwa mukupenya kwakasimba.Kana pamusoro pacho pakaita rough uye isina kuenzana, mwenje unotaridzwa nenzira dzakasiyana kumativi ese, uye pamusoro pacho semi matte kana matte.

Zvinogona kuonekwa kutikupenya kwechinhu kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekutarisisa kwechinhu, kunoratidza kupfava uye kutsvedzerera kwechiso.Kubwinya (glossiness) ireshiyo yekusimba kwechiedza mune yakasarudzika ratidziro kune kusimba kwezvose zvinoratidzwa.

Kupenya kwe glaze kwakanangana neiyo refractive index.Kazhinji kutaura, kukwirisa kwemukati meyakanyanya refractive elements muforoma, ndiko kusimba kwekupenya kwe glaze pamusoro, nekuti iyo yakakwira refractive index inowedzera chikamu chekuratidzira mumirairidzo yegirazi.Iyo refractive index yakanyatso kuenzana nedensity ye glaze layer.Naizvozvo, pasi pemamwe mamiriro akafanana, iyo ceramic glaze ine oxides yePb, Ba, Sr, Sn uye zvimwe zvakakwirira-density zvinhu, saka iyo refractive index yakakura uye kupenya kwayo kwakasimba kupfuura iyo porcelain glaze.Muchikamu chekugadzirira, iyo glaze yepamusoro inogona kukwenenzverwa kuti iwane yakakwirira specular pamusoro, kuitira kuti ivandudze kupenya kwe glaze.

Transparency 

Kujeka kunoenderana nezviri mukati megirazi chikamu mune glaze.

Kazhinji kutaura, iyo yakakwira zvirimo muchikamu chegirazi, zvishoma zviri mukati mekristaro uye bubble, uye kukwirisa kujeka kwe glaze.

Naizvozvo, kubva pachikamu chekugadzira fomula, huwandu hukuru hwezvinhu zvefusible zvinoshandiswa mufomula, uye kudzora zvirimo mualuminium kunobatsira kuvandudzwa kwekujeka.Kubva pamaonero ekugadzirira, kukurumidza kutonhora kwe glaze pakupisa kwakanyanya uye kudzivirira glaze crystallization kunobatsira pakuvandudzwa kwekujeka.Iwo matatu makuru ezvigadzirwa zvekugadzira girazi, soda ash, limestone uye silica, machena uye akaderera simbi zviwanikwa pakuonekwa, girazi rakagadzirirwa rine kujeka kwepamusoro uye kuchena kwakaderera.Nekudaro, kana iyo yemukati crystallization ikava girazi ceramics, inova chena zvigadzirwa uye yakakwirira chena zvigadzirwa.

Kuchena 

Kuchena kunokonzerwa nekupararira kwechiedza pachigadzirwa.Kune yeimba porcelain, sanitary porcelain uye zvivakwa zveceramic, kuchena indekisi yakakosha yekuongorora maitiro avo.Izvi zvinodaro nekuti vatengi vari nyore kubatanidza chena neakachena.

Ruvara ruchena rwechinhu chinokonzerwa nekunyura kwaro kusingasarudze kwechiedza chena, kuderera kwekufambisa uye kupararira kukuru.Kana chinhu chine kunyura kusingasarudze kwechiedza chena uye kushoma kupararira, chinhu chacho chinoonekera.Zvinogona kuoneka kuti kuchena kwe glaze kunonyanya kuenderana nekudzika kwakachena kwemwenje kunyura, yakaderera transmittance uye kwakasimba kuparadzira kugona kwe glaze.

Panyaya yekuumbwa, pesvedzero yekuchena inonyanya kuenderana nezviri mukati meruvara oxide uye fusible zvinhu mu glaze.Kazhinji kutaura, kudzika kweokisi yeruvara, kunowedzera kuchena;Izvo zvisinganyanyi fusible zvinhu, ndizvo zvinowedzera kuchena.

Panyaya yekugadzirira, kuchena kunobatwa nefiring system.Iyo mbishi ine simbi yakawanda uye shoma titanium, Kupfura mukuderedza mhepo kunogona kuwedzera kuchena;Pane zvinopesana, kushandiswa kwemhepo oxidizing kuchawedzera kuchena.Kana chigadzirwa chacho chakanyoroveswa kana kuvharwa nechoto, nhamba yemakristasi mu glaze ichawedzera, izvo zvinotungamirira kukuwedzera kwekuchena kwe glaze.

Paunenge uchiyedza kuchena kwezvinhu zvakabikwa, kazhinji pane musiyano mudiki pakati peiyo yakaoma chena uye yakanyorova chena data yeporcelain nematombo mbishi zvinhu, nepo iyo yakaoma chena uye yakanyorova chena data yezvinhu zvevhu inowanzosiyana.Izvi zvinodaro nekuti chikamu chegirazi chinozadza gaka mukuita sintering ye porcelain nematombo zvinhu, uye mwenje kuratidzwa kunowanzoitika pamusoro.Chikamu chegirazi chendiro yevhu inopfurwa zvishoma, uye chiedza chinoratidzwawo mukati meplate.Mushure mekurapa kunyudzwa, chiedza hachigoni kuratidzirwa kubva mukati, zvichiita kuti kuderera kuri pachena kwe data yekuona, iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa mu kaolin ine mica.Panguva imwecheteyo panguva yekupfura, mhepo yekupfura inofanirwa kudzorwa uye kudzivirira kudzikira kwekuchena kunokonzerwa nekabhoni deposition.

 

Pakuvaka ceramic glaze,mhedzisiro yemhando nhatu dzechiedza ichaitika.Naizvozvo, panguva yekugadzira uye kugadzirira, kazhinji inotariswa mukugadzira kuratidza chimwe chinhu uye kunetesa zvimwe kuitira kuvandudza imwe mhedzisiro.