Uhlalutyo lokungeniswa kweTshayina kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle kwesakhiwo kunye neeseramikhi zococeko ngo-2021
Ngo-2021, phantsi kwemvelaphi yokuba imeko yobhubhani wehlabathi ihleli imbi kakhulu, mininzi imiqobo ekuvuseleleni uqoqosho, imeko yamazwe ngamazwe intsonkothile kwaye iyaguquguquka, kwaye izabelo zokudityaniswa kwehlabathi ziya ziphela ngokuthe ngcembe, i-China iye yagcina indawo ekhokelayo kwihlabathi kuphuhliso loqoqosho kunye. ukuthintela nokulawula ubhubhane.Ukungeniswa kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kurhwebo lwangaphandle kuphumelele ukukhula okukhawulezayo ngo-2021, isikali sifikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu kwaye umgangatho waphucuka ngokuthe ngcembe, nto leyo eyenza igalelo elibalulekileyo ekugcineni uzinzo lwetsheyini lezoshishino lwehlabathi kunye nokubonelela kunye nokunceda ukubuyisela uqoqosho lwehlabathi. .
Ngo-2021, nangona iChina isakhiwo se-ceramic sanitary ware industry ichatshazelwa lulawulo olukhulu lwezindlu kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yekhabhoni ephindwe kabini kunye nolawulo oluphindwe kabini, yafumana iimvavanyo ezininzi zamaxabiso ezinto ezikrwada anyukayo kunye neendleko zamandla, iindleko zabasebenzi kunye namaxabiso okuhambisa anyuka, kodwa phantsi. ubunkokeli obuqinileyo beKomiti ePhakathi yeQela, ukukhuthazwa kwamasebe karhulumente onke amanqanaba kunye nemigudu edibeneyo yoshishino lonke, Kusagcinwe uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lorhwebo lwangaphandle kunye nokudala isiqalo esihle kuphuhliso loshishino ngexesha le-14 lesihlanu- Ixesha lesiCwangciso soNyaka.
Ngo-2021, ixabiso eliqokelelweyo lokuthumela ngaphandle kwesakhiwo sase-China kunye neemveliso zeseramikhi zococeko (ngaphandle kweemveliso ze-hardware yegumbi lokuhlambela) yayiyi-US $ 15.77 yebhiliyoni, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka nge-11.43%.Urhwebo lwangaphandle lwaseTshayina lolwakhiwo kunye neemveliso zeceramic zococeko zibonisa ezi mpawu zilandelayo ngo-2021:
1. Ngaphantsi kwemvelaphi yezibetho eziphindaphindiweyo kunye nemeko yangaphandle eyinkimbinkimbi kunye neguquguqukayo ngo-2021, i-China iselona lizwe likhulu kumthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle kwe-ceramics yokwakha kunye neekeramics zococeko, ezibonelela ngesiqinisekiso esomeleleyo sokugcina ibhalansi yemfuno yonikezelo lwe-sanitary yehlabathi. imarike yeeseramikhi;
2. Phantsi kwemvelaphi yokwanda kobhubhani waphesheya kweelwandle kunye nokujijeka nokujika koqoqosho lwehlabathi, umthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle kweTshayina weethayile zeceramic wehla kancinci ngo-2021, kodwa wahlala uzinzile ngokupheleleyo, kwaye umndilili wexabiso leyunithi yokuthumela ngaphandle uqhubeke nokunyuka ngokuthe ngcembe. ;
3. Ukuchatshazelwa ngubhubhane, ukubuyiswa koqoqosho lwaphesheya kwavalwa, imveliso ayinakwenziwa ngokuqhelekileyo, amandla okuvelisa angenakukhutshwa ngokupheleleyo, kwaye kwakunzima ukuqhubeka nokuhlangabezana nemfuno eqinile yemarike.Iiodolo zaphesheya zazisoloko zithunyelwa eTshayina.Ukuthunyelwa kwemveliso yeeseramics zococeko zaseTshayina zanda ngokuhambelana nentsingiselo, ngokukhula okuphindwe kabini kumthamo wokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kunye nesixa sokuthumela kwelinye ilizwe ngaxeshanye, kwaye ijika lokukhula liqhubekile ukunyuka;
4. Phantse i-80% yeethayile zeseramikhi ezithunyelwa kumazwe asaphuhlayo, ngakumbi kumazwe agudle iOne Belt One Road.Ngaphezulu kwe-50% yokuthunyelwa kwempahla yococeko kumazwe aphuhlileyo nakwimimandla, Ipatheni yesabelo xa iyonke yokuqukuqela kokuthumela kumazwe angaphandle ukuya kwimimandla ayikatshintshi kakhulu.
5. Umthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle kweemveliso ze-ceramic color glaze ngo-2021 unyuke kakhulu xa uthelekisa nowango-2020, kwaye isikali sokuthumela ngaphandle sandiswa ngakumbi.Nangona kunjalo, kwingqikelelo yokuba ixabiso leyunithi lilonke ngokusisiseko lalifana nelonyaka ophelileyo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo izinto ezingalunganga njengokunyuka kwexabiso lempahla ekrwada kunye nokunyuka kweendleko zothutho lwabasebenzi, umda wengeniso yeemveliso ze-ceramic glaze ziye zacutheka.
Uhlalutyo lokuthumela ngaphandle kweeseramikhi zokwakha
(1) Imeko jikelele yokuthumela ngaphandle
Ngo-2021, umthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle we-ceramics wokwakha wawuzizigidi ezingama-601 zeemitha zesikwere, ukuncipha kwe-3.40% kuno-2020, kwaye imali yokuthumela ngaphandle yayiyi-4.099 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zase-US, ukwehla konyaka-ngonyaka nge-0.70%.Umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwemveliso yeeseramics zokwakha eChina ubukwindlela ehlayo ukusukela ngo-2015. Ngo-2020, ichatshazelwe ngubhubhani wehlabathi kunye nengxabano yorhwebo yase-Sino yase-US, ukwehla kwacaca ngakumbi.Ngo-2021, izinga lokuhla lomthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle liye lacotha kwaye ukwehla kwejiko lithande ukuba tyaba.Kwelinye icala, oku kungenxa yokuba impembelelo yalo bhubhani yehlile.Kwelinye icala, iphinde yazuza kuthotho lwamanyathelo enkuthazo aqaliswe ngoorhulumente nemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe ukuvuselela uqoqosho.
Ndiyabulela ukunyuka kwexabiso leyunithi yee-ceramics zokwakha ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, inyuke nge-2.80% ukusuka kwi-US $ 6.63 / m2 ngo-2020 ukuya kwi-US $ 6.82 / m2.Imali yokuthumela ngaphandle kwi-2021 yehla kuphela i-0.70% xa kuthelekiswa naleyo ngo-2020. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukunyuka kwexabiso kubangelwa impembelelo yokunyuka kweendleko zamandla, izinto eziluhlaza, umsebenzi kunye notyalo-mali lokusingqongileyo, kwelinye icala. , iphinda ibonise indlela yokuba iimveliso zethayile ze-ceramic zaseChina zirhoxisa ngokuthe ngcembe kwimarike yemveliso ephantsi kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe ziguqukela kwiimveliso eziphakathi kunye neziphezulu.
Ngaxeshanye, umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwempahla ngaphandle kweTshayina kunye nesixa sokuthumela ngaphandle kweeseramikhi zesakhiwo zihlala zezokuqala emhlabeni, nto leyo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukubonelela kunye nozinzo lwamaxabiso kwimarike yehlabathi.
(2) Imeko ngokubanzi yokungenisa elizweni
Ngo-2021, umthamo wokungenisa wase-China we-ceramics wokwakha wawuyi-6.75 yezigidi zesikwere seemitha, ukuncipha kwe-69.90% ngo-2020. Isixa-mali esithathwe ngaphandle sasimalunga ne-155 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka nge-12.35%.Ixabiso leyunithi yokungenisa yayiyi-25.56 yeedola zase-US / imitha yesikwere, kunye nezinga lokukhula kwe-273.26%.
Ukuguquguquka okubukhali kwi-curve yokungenisa ukusuka kwi-2019 ukuya kwi-2021 kunokubonwa ngokucacileyo kumfanekiso ongezantsi.Umthamo wokungenisa elizweni unyuke ngo-2020, kodwa isixa sokungenisa asizange sinyuke kodwa sehla.Emva kokulandela umkhondo kunye nokuphanda idatha engaqhelekanga, umbutho wafumanisa ukuba ukuthengiselana ngexabiso eliphezulu kodwa ixabiso leyunithi eliphantsi lenzeke ngo-2020, eliye laphambukisa ngenkani ijika lokungenisa ukusuka kumkhondo wophuhliso oluqhelekileyo.Ngoko ke, ukuguqulwa komthamo wokungenisa kunye nemali yokungenisa kwi-2021 ngokwenene ukuhlehliswa kwejika ukuya kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo.
Xa kuthelekiswa nowama-2019 kwixesha langaphambi kobhubhane, umthamo wokungenisa iikheramics wokwakha ngo-2021 wehle nge-3.01%, imali yokungenisa elizweni inyuke nge-4.28%, kwaye ixabiso leyunithi yokungenisa liqhubekile nokunyuka.
(3) Amazwe aphezulu alishumi ekusingwa kuwo ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwethayile yeceramic
Phantsi koluhlu lwezakhiwo zeseramikhi, umthamo othunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle kunye nesixa seethayile zeseramikhi ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zibalelwa kuma-98.94% kunye nama-97.61% ngokulandelelanayo.Olu lwalathiso lulandelayo lokuhamba kwamanye amazwe kunye nohlalutyo lwemvelaphi luya kugxila kwiithayile zeceramic.
Ngo-2021, umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwethayile ze-ceramic e-China wawuzizigidi ezingama-595 zeemitha zesikwere, kwaye umthamo opheleleyo wokuthumela ngaphandle kumazwe aphambili alishumi aphambili okanye imimandla yayizizigidi ezingama-419 zeemitha zesikwere, kubalelwa kwi-70.42% yomthamo othunyelwa ngaphandle, ukonyuka ngepesenti ezili-11. xa kuthelekiswa ne-59.27% ngo-2020, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ukuxinwa kwe-China yeethayile ze-ceramic kuphuculwe ngakumbi.
Ngo-2021, amazwe asibhozo kwalishumi aphezulu athumela ngaphandle iithayile zeceramic yayingamalungu e-RCEP, ngaphandle kwePeru neChile, ezibekwe kwindawo yesibhozo neyeshumi.Xa kuthelekiswa nenqanaba ngo-2020, iPhilippines iyaqhubeka nokubeka kuqala, kunye nomthamo wayo wokuthumela ngaphandle inyuka nge-4.93% ngonyaka-ngonyaka ngo-2020. I-Indonesia kunye ne-South Korea zatshintshiselana ngeendawo kwi-2020. I-Myanmar, ebekwe kwindawo yesithoba ngo-2020, yawa ngaphandle. i-10 ephezulu ngo-2021, kunye ne-Chile, ebeka indawo ye-12 ekungenisweni kweethayile ze-ceramic yaseTshayina ngo-2020, bangena kuluhlu lwe-10 oluphezulu kwaye babeka indawo ye-10.
Ukongeza, ngokwezibalo zesixa-mali sokuthumela ngaphandle, iVietnam lilizwe lokuqala ekujoliswe kulo kwiChina yokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kweethayile ze-ceramic, kunye nesixa-mali sokuthumela ngaphandle malunga ne-597 yezigidi zeedola zase-US, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba ixabiso leyunithi yeethayile ze-ceramic ezithunyelwa eVietnam yi-36.25 US. iidola / square meter, amaxesha amaninzi ukuba iimveliso ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.
(4) Imvelaphi yeethayile zeceramic zokuthumela ngaphandle
Ngo-2021, iPhondo lase-Guangdong lilonyulele kuluhlu lokuthumela ngaphandle kwe-366 yezigidi zeemitha zesikwere zeethayile ze-ceramic kunye nesixa sokuthumela ngaphandle kwe-1.749 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika, ezibalelwa kwi-60.89%, ngokusisiseko ngokufanayo ne-60.91% yonyaka ophelileyo.Ngenxa yokuba ixabiso leyunithi yeethayile zeseramikhi ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zisuka kwiPhondo lase-Guangdong limalunga nama-50% ngaphantsi kunomndilili wexabiso leyunithi yokuthumela ngaphandle kwelizwe, umlinganiselo wexabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle kweethayile zeseramikhi zase-Guangdong ungaphantsi kunomthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle, ubalwa kuma-42.68%.Eli nani liphantse libe ngamanqaku amabini aphezulu kunowama-2020, kodwa lisekude kumlinganiselo omalunga nama-60 ekhulwini kwixesha langaphambi kobhubhane.
IPhondo laseFujian, elikwinqanaba lesibini kumthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle, libalelwa kwi-23.74% yelizwe lonke, kwaye imali yokuthumela ngaphandle i-15.40% iyonke.Umndilili wexabiso leyunithi yokuthumela ngaphandle yi-US $4.42/m2, ekwangaphantsi komndilili wexabiso leyunithi yokuthumela ngaphandle.
I-Guangdong kunye ne-Fujian zikwahlala kumaphondo amabini aphezulu athumela ngaphandle ixesha elide, kwaye zigcine umlinganiselo ophindwe kabini.Umthamo we-Shandong wokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe ukwindawo yesithathu, ubalwa kwi-4.58% yetotali, kwaye isixa-mali sokuthumela ngaphandle sibalelwa kwi-7.98% iyonke.Kodwa i-avareji yexabiso leyunithi yokuthumela ngaphandle iphezulu kakhulu kunenqanaba lomndilili weshishini, libekwe kwindawo yokuqala elizweni.
Uhlalutyo lokuthumela ngaphandle kweeseramikhi zococeko
(1) Imeko jikelele yokuthumela ngaphandle
Ngo-2021, umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwe-China yeeseramikhi zococeko zaziziqwenga ze-110 yezigidi, ukwanda kwe-16.82% ngaphezu kwe-2020. Imali yokuthumela ngaphandle yafikelela kwi-US $ 9.878 yezigidigidi, ukunyuka kwe-12.13%, kunye nomyinge we-US $ 89.87 ngeqhekeza ngalinye, ukuhla kwe-4.02% kunyaka ophelileyo.Ukongeza kokuhla okuncinci komthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle ngo-2020 ngenxa yempembelelo yobhubhane, umthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle kweeseramikhi zococeko uye wagcina ukukhula ukususela ngo-2016. Kwakhona, ngenxa yesiseko esiphantsi kwi-2020, ebekwe phezulu ekukhuleni kwemfuno yehlabathi jikelele iikeramikhi zococeko kunye nefuthe lokungonelanga komthamo wemveliso yaphesheya, izinga lokukhula linyukile kwaye ijika lokukhula liye laqina ngo-2021.
Ukuthunyelwa kwe-ceramics yococeko kunokugcina ukukhula okuzinzileyo ukusuka kwi-2016 ukuya kwi-2021, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-ceramics yococeko akuchaphazeli imeko yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe.Okubaluleke ngakumbi, iimveliso zococeko zaseTshayina zinokukhuphisana ngokupheleleyo kwihlabathi ngeenzuzo zomgangatho ophezulu kunye nexabiso elihle.Ngo-2021, icandelo lokuthumela ngaphandle kweemveliso zococeko e-China lahlala limalunga nama-40%.
(2) Imeko ngokubanzi yokungenisa elizweni
Emva kokufumana ukwehla okubangelwa ngubhubhane ngo-2020, umthamo wokungenisa we-sanitary ceramics ngo-2021 ubuyele kwi-2.06 yezigidi zeeqhekeza, nto leyo yayifana naleyo ngo-2019. iikeramics zococeko zifikelele kwi-US $155 yezigidi, ukonyuka kwe-44.14% ngo-2020.
(3) Amazwe aphambili alishumi ekusingwa kuwo ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kweeseramikhi zococeko
Ngo-2021, ukuthunyelwa kwe-ceramics yococeko yaseTshayina eYurophu, eMelika nakwamanye amazwe aphuhlileyo kunye nemimandla yabalelwa kwisiqingatha sezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zizonke, nto leyo ngokusisiseko yayifana naleyo ngo-2020, ebonisa ukuba iimveliso zeseramics zococeko zaseTshayina zisagcina ukhuphiswano olomeleleyo kwimimandla ephuhlileyo.
Ngo-2021, ukuthunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle kwawona mazwe alishumi aphezulu okanye imimandla yabalelwa kwi-61.91% yokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kweeseramikhi zococeko.Phakathi kwabo, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngamazwe amahlanu aphezulu okanye imimandla ibalelwa kwi-47.79% yetotali.Umahluko phakathi kwedatha emibini kunye ne-2020 yayingaphantsi kwe-1%.Kodwa amazwe amaninzi ekujoliswe kuwo atshintshe kakhulu.ISaudi Arabia, iSingapore kunye neMalaysia zibekwe phakathi kwabahlanu abaphezulu ngo-2020, bephuma kwabalishumi abaphezulu, iCanada, iBritane iOstreliya ibuyele kwi-10 ephezulu emva kokufumana ukwehla kwesabelo sayo ngo-2020.
(4) Imvelaphi yeeseramikhi zococeko ezithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle
Ezona nxalenye zintlanu ziphezulu zeeseramikhi zococeko ubungakanani bomthamo wokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kunye nesixa sokuthumela ngaphandle kwamaphondo amakhulu kunye nezixeko zaseTshayina ngokwesiseko ziyafana neminyaka edlulileyo.IPhondo laseGuangdong lisabambe indawo yokuqala.Ukuma kwe-Hebei, i-Fujian kunye ne-Shandong ayikatshintshi xa kuthelekiswa naleyo ngo-2020, kwaye i-rankings elandelayo ye-Jiangsu kunye ne-Zhejiang ichasene ne-2020.
Phakathi kweendawo ezisibhozo eziphezulu zemveliso ngokomthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle, ixabiso leyunithi yeemveliso zeseramikhi zococeko eJiangsu naseShandong lelona liphezulu, zombini zidlula i-US $100 / iqhekeza.
Uhlalutyo lokuthumela ngaphandle kombala we-glaze
(1)Imeko ngokubanzi yokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle
Ngo-2021, umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwemveliso ye-ceramic color glaze yayiziitoni ezingama-459000, ulwando olukhulu ngo-2020, ngesantya sokukhula esingama-44.82%.Umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle ibizizigidi ezingama-368 zeedola zaseMelika, unyaka nonyaka unyuke ngama-43.50%.Isikali sokuthumela ngaphandle sandiswa ngakumbi.
Umthamo wokungeniswa kwemveliso ye-ceramic color glaze yayiziitoni ezingama-26200, kunye nokungeniswa ngaphandleisixa ye-122 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika, ngokusisiseko iyafana naleyo ngo-2020.
Ukuthelekisa ixabiso leyunithi yokuthumela ngaphandle, kunokubonwa ukuba ixabiso leyunithi lilonke leemveliso zombala weglaze ngo-2021 ngokusisiseko liyafana nelo lonyaka ophelileyo ngaphandle kokuguquguquka okucacileyo.Xa kuqwalaselwa izinto ezimbi ezinjengokunyuka kwexabiso lezinto eziphathekayo kunye nokonyuka kweendleko zothutho lwabasebenzi, umda wengeniso yokuthengisa kumazwe angaphandle uyancipha.
(2) Amazwe aphambili alishumi ekusingwa kuwo ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-color glaze
Iimveliso ze-ceramic ze-glaze ezithunyelwa kumazwe aseAsia okanye imimandla zibalelwa malunga ne-68.02% yomthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle, ngaphantsi kancinci kunowama-2020 (71.20%).Ezona zikhululo zilishumi ezihamba phambili zokuthumela ngaphandle kumazwe okanye imimandla zibalelwa kuma-73.58% omthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle, obufana ngokusisiseko nowama-2020 (74.67%).
(3) Imvelaphi ye-glaze yombala wokuthumela ngaphandle
Isixa esipheleleyo sokuthumela ngaphandle kwe-Shandong, i-Guangdong, i-Jiangsu, i-Jiangxi kunye ne-Zhejiang amaphondo ithatha malunga ne-80% yemali ethunyelwa ngaphandle kweli lizwe.Phakathi kwabo, i-Shandong iphezulu kuluhlu kunye nomthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle we-18,3500 yeetoni ze-glaze yombala kunye nemali yokuthumela ngaphandle kwe-US $ 119 yezigidi, i-accounting ye-39.99%, yehla malunga neepesenti ze-5 ukusuka kwi-44.85% kunyaka ophelileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-10-2022